Carburetor



' April 27, 192s. I y1,582,594

A. GIRIN clmunnron l Filed June 10. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.;

-ERIM l l LLL rWe/wton:

April 27, 192e. 1,582,594 A. GlRlN CARBURETOR Filed June lO. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F'IG. 4

ANTON; Glam.

Af am ey IPatente-d Apr. 2.7,' 1926.

UNITED ,STA-Tas.

PAT-'ENT OFFICE.

ANTOINE GIBIN, F LYON, FRANCE.

cuimsunnroa.M

Application led June 10, 1920. Serial No. 888,005.

France, have invented certain new and useful Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvementsin .carburetors for internal "combustion engines.

The object of the invention is to provide a carburetor in which the actuationof al y lever causes, through suitable mechanism,

- delivery .passao'es in accordance with, the

vparticular condi the regulation of the-size of the air and fuel 'tions existing as to atmospheric pressure, temperature, etc. v

Figure 1 is a vertical section of the car buretor with parts in elevation. t

Fig. 2 is a `horizontal section on line v,2f-2 of. Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the valve operating mechanism.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail section of the uppenend of the nozzle.

Thefbody 1 of the carburetor supports all the various parts thereof. Within the cylindrical part of said body, which serves for the passage of the mixture and as a connection with the motor, is a Venturi tube 2 acting as a diffuser and increasing the suction at the end 'of the fuel nozzle, said tube being open at its base. In a recess formed in the wall of the intake passage surrounding the Venturi tube is received a vertically slidable sleeve 4. -This sleeve normally occupies its lowermost position, seated on a valve seat 4, formed on the upper surface of a fuel chamber 5 provided in the base of the body 1. It will be seen that the sleeve .4 constitutes an air valve which, in its lowermost position, cuts oi the flow of air into theI intake passage of the carburetor.

Inside a. fuel nozzle 8 which is housed at the,center of the `diffuser tube 2 andis fixed upon the fuel chamber 5 of the body 1, there is positioned a vertically slidable tubular piston 9 surmounted by a head 10. At the top of the nozzle is a clrcular series of ports 11, which can be partially or entire- -f'ly choked b thin, vertical rods or needles 12 supporte piston 9.

4To operate the sleeve 4 Aand the piston 9 simultaneously, a quadrant-shaped member 37 is provided, said member being mounted by the head I0 of the slidable on a horizontal rock -shaft 38 operated by fmeans ofthe lever 39.

- 39a has fixed to its lower end a fork or collar 42 which seats in a groove in sleeve 4, so that the vertlcal movements of said'rod are thus transmitted to the sleeve. The lower part of the rod 18 is formed '-with a bore 43 and slides in a guide tube 43 which is in communlcation -with the fuel chamber 5.

, The quadrant 37 is provided with a cam slot 44 of the desired form as determinedr by experiment; in which cam-slot a pin or ,fspindle 45 is engaged. The rectilinear and A .vertical displacements of said spindle are effected by the rocking movements' of quad--y rant 37, due to its engagement inbsaid slot, against the upper edge of which latter it is pressed by a spring 47. This spring is arranged in a cylindrical opening formed Vin the body 1', and it exerts its pressure upward against a piston 46 which is slidably fitted in the cylinder and which is pivotally connected to said spindle; the arrangement beingsuch, therefore, as to prevent the possibility of any play.

The spindle 45 has also connected to it the adjacentend of a lever 48, along which slides a fulcrum block 49. This block 49 carries a lateral pin 49 which is looselyengaged by an arm or lever 51 fixed at its lower end to a horizontal rockshaft 52; said shaft being journaled in the body 1 and having fixed to it, outside of said body, a second lever 51;. Operation of lever 51 will, thereforeJ produce an adjustment of block 49 in either direction-and, infconsequenoe, a variation in the throw of lever 48; the

extent of such shifting being indicated bv where it is connected to the piston 9 of the fuel nozzle 8 by means of a bar 58 which oscillates about a pivot 59, one end of said -bar being engaged with the rod -55 and the other end with said iston. The movements of the piston 9 and s eeve 4 are thus obtained in strict relation to one another.

Thefuel is supplied through an inlet tube (35 and flows thronglrthe mouth G5 thereof past the pointed end of a needle valve (54 and'into a pair of twin float chambers G0 containing twin floats Gl. These floats are connected to move in unison by means of a bar 62, which latter, in turn, is connected by a fork 63 with the stem of valve (i4, so that said valve will bc raised when the level of the fuel falls below the centers of said chambers (if). Some of the fuel also passes through the channel (i8 and calibrated orifice 7() and fills the lower chamber 5.

The operation is substantially as follows:

rl"hc fuel passes into the nozzle and rises up to the same level as the level in the float chambers (if), i. e., slightly belmvthe top of the nozzle. The body l ot' the carburetor is fixed at its upper part to the inlet pipe of the motor. The admission of air to mix with the fuel and form the explosive mixture, is regulated by the movement of' the sleeve 4.

The carburetor is constructed to give definite mixture proportions for any definite positions of the sleeve 4; but it owing to some specific operating condition it is desired to change these mixture proportions, such result may be obtained by shifting the fulcrum block 49 so as to secure the mixture proportions desired.

By actuating the lever 89, the quadrant 37 simultaneously moves the sleeve 4 by means of the rod 39, and the piston 9 by means of the cam 44, lever 48, rod 55, and bar 58. As the piston 9 progressively opens or closes the ports 11 ofthe nozzle 8 according to its direction ofmovement, it will be seen that, by giving the cam a suitable shape, experimentally determined, it is possible, for any position ofg-the sleeve 4, to obtain-a corresponding size of the nozzle orifice.

Since the temperature, atmospheric pressure, density and nature of the fuel are not reproduced in a constant manner in practice, 1 t is necessary to provide easily-operable ad- )ustmg means which will permit the necessary corrections being made.

This result .is obtained in the present carburetor by the displacement of the ful- Vcrum block 49 of the lever 48. It will, in

fact, be understood that according as said block is displaced in one direction or the other, the vertical motions imparted to the spindle 45 by the cam 44 will be increased or decreased. It follows that each movement of the piston 9 in the nozzle is modified proportionately to that of the spindle 45,' so that for each movement of the sleeve 4 a new size of nozzle orifice answering the new conditions of. the movement is obtained.

It will, therefore, be seen that it is possible by the mere displacement of the lever 51 by means of a rod 97 extending to a position adjacent the; dash "of the vehicle or elsewhere ucar the operator to bring about either theV incl-cawor the decrease or the stoppage of thc fuel; the proportional correction ll the cam 44 is therefore autoinaticall).V vbr-allied. A scale 54 and cooperating pointer 58 operable with the lever 51 indicates the setting of said lever l'or all conditions of operation. rlhere is still lcl't for solution a case, which occurs fairly l'rcquently, viz: sudden lifting ol" the sleeve l. Owing to this sudden movement, the motor cannot take np the corresponding speed, as the suction at that moment is not sullicient to secure a suitable supply of fuel. This drawback is obviated by means of the hollow piston 48 which, when the sleeve riser'. suddenly, descends with equal suddenness iu the small cylinder 4T. 'lhe air which is in the piston becomes compressed and the incompressible fuel seeks to escape through the two possible outlets, viz: the nozzle and the, calibrated orifice 70. If the orifice and the dimensions of the piston 43 are suitable, the fuel spurts out through the nozzle in sufficient quantities to ensure a proper pick-np of the motor, and this will last exactly the time required. It is to bc noted that when the operation of the lever 39P- is slow, the action of the piston 43 is negligible. i

I claim as my invention l. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a casing; a fuel chamber at the base of saiducasing; a constantlevel tank adapted to supply fuel to said chamber; a cylindrical member; a fuel nozzle in communication with said chamber mounted concentrically within said cylindrical member; a t'ube provided with an air inlet at its lower end surrounding said nozzle; a .vertically movable sleeve surrounding said tube and guided between it and the inner wall of said cylindrical member; a needle movable within said nozzle and adapted to progressively open or close the orifice thereof; and means for effecting simultaneous rogressive movements of said sleeve and sai needle.

2. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a casing; a. fuel chamber at the base of said caslng; a constantlevel tank adapted to supply fuel to said chamber; a cylindrical member; a fuel nozzle in communication .with said chamber mounted concentrically within said cylindrical member; a tube provided With an air inlet at its lower end surrounding said nozzle; a vertically movable sleeve surrounding said tube and guided between it and the inner wall of said cylindrical member; a needle movable within said nozzle and adapted to progressively open or close the orifice thereof; means for effecting simultaneous progressive movements of said sleeve and said needle; and means for altering the relative amounts of movement of said needle and said sleeve;

3. A carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a easing; a fuel chamber at the base of said casing; a constantlevel tank adapted to supply fuelto said chamber; a cylindrical membeiwa fuel nozzle .in communication with said chamber mounted coneentrically Within said cylindricalmember; a tube provided with an nir inlet at its lower end Surrounding said the oriliee thereof; an operating member for said needle; ay pivoted sector having a cam slot; a lever for actuating said sector; a vertical rod connecting one wing of said seetor to said sleeve; a lever having .one end pivoteil in said cam slot; means for adjusting the fulcrum of the second-named lever in the horizontal direction; a second vertical rod pivoted to the other end of said 'second-named lever; and a centrally pivoted lever within said fuel chamber connecting the lower end oi' said Second vertical rod to said needle-operating member.

In witness whereof I have signed this specification. ANTOINE GIRIN. 

